溫室大棚，又稱暖房，如玻璃溫室、塑料溫室；單棟溫室、連棟溫室；單屋面(mian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室、雙屋面(mian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室；加溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室、不加溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室等(deng)(deng)。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室結構應(ying)密封保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，但又(you)應(ying)便于通風降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。現代化溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室中具有(you)控(kong)制溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)濕度、光照等(deng)(deng)條件的設備(bei)，用電(dian)腦自動控(kong)制創造植物所需(xu)的環境條件。

溫(wen)室(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)主要配件有(you)：大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)接頭管(guan)(guan)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)頂簧、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)膜(mo)槽（卡(ka)槽）、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)膜(mo)簧（卡(ka)簧）、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)護套、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)膜(mo)卡(ka)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)斜撐、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)U型卡(ka)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)夾箍、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)固(gu)定器、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)連(lian)接片、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)膜(mo)線、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)門、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)卷膜(mo)器、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)卷膜(mo)桿、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)雙管(guan)(guan)卡(ka)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)卡(ka)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)人字卡(ka)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)防(fang)霧薄膜(mo)、防(fang)蟲網等。

性能指標

透光性

溫室是采光建筑，因而透光率是評價溫室透光性能的一項基本指標。透光率是指透進溫室內的光照量與室外光照量的百分比。溫室透光率受溫室透光覆蓋材料透光性能和溫室骨架陰影率的影響，而且隨著不同季節太陽輻射角度的不同，溫室的透光率也在隨時變化。溫室透光率的高低就成為作物生長和選擇種植作物品種的直接影響因素。一般，連棟塑料溫室在50%~60%，玻璃溫室的透光率在60%~70%，日光溫室可達到70%以上。

保溫性

加溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)耗能(neng)是(shi)(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)冬季運行(xing)的主要障礙。提高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)的保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)性(xing)能(neng)，降低能(neng)耗，是(shi)(shi)提高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)生產效益的直接手段(duan)。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)的保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)比是(shi)(shi)衡量溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)性(xing)能(neng)的一項基本指標(biao)。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)比是(shi)(shi)指熱阻較小(xiao)的溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)透光材料覆蓋面(mian)積(ji)與(yu)熱阻較大的溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)圍護結構覆蓋面(mian)積(ji)同地(di)面(mian)積(ji)之和的比。保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)比越(yue)大，說明溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)的保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)性(xing)能(neng)越(yue)好。

溫室(shi)(shi)大棚的(de)保溫性能(neng)是(shi)(shi)十分好的(de)，加溫耗能(neng)是(shi)(shi)溫室(shi)(shi)冬季運行的(de)主要障礙，提高溫室(shi)(shi)大棚的(de)保溫性能(neng)，降低能(neng)耗，是(shi)(shi)提高溫室(shi)(shi)生產效益的(de)好方(fang)法。

耐久性

溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)建設(she)必須要考慮其耐(nai)久(jiu)(jiu)性(xing)(xing)。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)耐(nai)久(jiu)(jiu)性(xing)(xing)受溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)材(cai)料(liao)耐(nai)老化性(xing)(xing)能(neng)、溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)主體結構(gou)的承載能(neng)力等因素(su)的影響。透(tou)光(guang)材(cai)料(liao)的耐(nai)久(jiu)(jiu)性(xing)(xing)除(chu)了自身的強度(du)外(wai)，還表現在(zai)材(cai)料(liao)透(tou)光(guang)率(lv)(lv)隨(sui)著時間(jian)的延長而不(bu)斷衰(shuai)(shuai)減，而透(tou)光(guang)率(lv)(lv)的衰(shuai)(shuai)減程度(du)是影響透(tou)光(guang)材(cai)料(liao)使用壽(shou)命(ming)的決(jue)定性(xing)(xing)因素(su)。一(yi)般鋼(gang)結構(gou)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)使用壽(shou)命(ming)在(zai)15年以上。要求(qiu)設(she)計(ji)風(feng)、雪(xue)荷(he)載用25年一(yi)遇(yu)大荷(he)載；竹木結構(gou)簡(jian)易(yi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)使用壽(shou)命(ming)5~10年，設(she)計(ji)風(feng)、雪(xue)荷(he)載用15年一(yi)遇(yu)最大荷(he)載。